Sahamiyaan nooca awooda ee baaskiillada kuleylka ah ee cilmi-baarista

Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka ah, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan mashiinnada PCR-ga, ayaa ah aalado muhiim ah oo ku jira bayoolajiga molikalanta iyo cilmi baarista hidda-wadaha. Qalabkaas waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu xoojiyo DNA iyo RNA iyada oo loo marayo tikniyoolajiyadda silsiladda polymerase (PCR) tikniyoolajiyadda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, is-waafajinta ee baaskiillada kuleylka kuleylka ah kuma eka codsiyada PCR. Qodobkan, waxaan sahxi doonaa siyaabaha kala duwan ee ay sikan u adeegsadaan is-weydaarsiga ee loo adeegsado cilmi-baarista iyo muhiimada ay u leedahay horumarinta aqoonta sayniska.

1. Cod-weyneynta PCR

Shaqada koowaad ee aCircler kuleylkaWaa in la fuliyo cod-weynaha PCR, oo muhiim u ah codsiyada bayoolaji ee kala duwan ee molololoy. Adigoo u qaadaya tijaabada DNA ama saadaalinnada RNA ee isbedelada heerkulka isbadal ee heerkulka ah, baaskiillada kuleylka kuleylka ah ayaa kor u qaadaya sahaminta, xarigga, iyo fidinta xargaha nucleic acid, taasoo dhalisay cod sare oo ah taxanaha bartilmaameedka gaarka ah ee taxanaha bartilmaameedka ah. Hawshani waxay muhiim u tahay falanqaynta hidda-wadaha, daraasadaha tirooyinka hidda-wadaha, iyo ogaanshaha wakiilada faafa.

2. Tijaabada Tijaabada (QPCR)

Ka sokow PCR-ka caadiga ah, baaskiillada kuleylka kuleylka ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa tiro ahaaneed PCR ama QPCR, u oggolaanaya tirada bartilmaameedka aashitada nucleic acid ee muunad ah. Adigoo ku daraya digaaga fleerescent ama tijaabada ah ee baaskiillada kuleylka ah ayaa cabiri kara uruurinta badeecada PCR ee waqtiga dhabta ah, iyadoo la siinayo aragtiyo qiimo leh oo lagu sameeyo heerarka muujinta hiddaha, rarka fayraska, iyo kala duwanaanta hidda-socodka.

3. Dib-u-noqoshada PCR PCR (RT-PCR)

Duufaanta kuleylka kuleylka ah waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan dib-u-habeynta PCR-da PCR, farsamo u beddela RNA-da DNA (CDNA) ee mogriminta xigta. Qaabkani wuxuu muhiim u yahay barashada barashada hiddaha hidda-wadaha, fayrasyada RNA, iyo qaababka kala goynta MRNA. Circler kuleyl heer heerkul ah oo sax ah ayaa muhiim u ah guusha tijaabada RT-PR-ga.

4. PCR Dijital ah

Horumarka teknolojiyadda kuleylka kuleylka ah ayaa horseeday horumarinta PCR-ka dijitaalka ah, hab aad u xasaasi ah oo loogu talagalay tirinta buuxda ee aashitada nucleic. Adoo u kala qaybinaya falcelinta PCREN-ka kumanaan microreations shaqsiyeed, baaskiil-wadeyaasha kuleylka ah ayaa si sax ah u go'aaminaya uruurinta bilowga ah ee molecule-ka ah, taasoo ka dhigeysa aalad qaali ah oo ku saabsan ogaanshaha isbadalka dhif ah iyo nuqul ka mid ah falanqaynta kala duwanaanta.

5. Diyaarinta maktabadaha jiilaalka ee xiga

Duufaanta kuleylka kuleylka ahi waa qayb muhiim ka ah habka diyaarinta maktabadda ee loogu talagalay codsiyada jiilka ee xiga (NGS). Adigoo qabanaya cod-weyneynta PCR-ku-saleysan ee jajabyada DNA, wuxuu u oggolaanayaa dhismaha maktabadaha isku xidhka ee laga bilaabo makhaayadaha xadidan, oo u oggolaanaya cilmi-baarayaashu inay falanqeeyaan unugyada guud ee unugyada, ama epidenome.

6. Injineeriyada Borotiinka iyo Mutagenesis

Dhex-dhexaadinta acids-ka nucleic acid, oo loo adeegsado kuleylka kuleylka waxaa loo isticmaalaa injineeriyada borotiinka iyo barashada Mutagenesis. Goobaha lagu faray goobta, muujinta tilmaanta borotiinka, iyo tijaabooyinka borotiinka ah ee loo yaqaan 'Express', iyo Tijaabada Protein, iyo Tijaabooyin Dheeraad ah oo loo yaqaan 'Evolums Tijaabooyin badan' ayaa badanaa ku tiirsan farsamooyinka ku saleysan PCR-ka, iyo heerka kuleylka ee heerkulka iyo qaboojinta labisku waa muhiim inay helaan natiijooyin sax ah oo dhali kara.

7. Imtixaanka Badbaadada Deegaanka iyo Cuntada

Qalabka kuleylka kuleylka waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa baaritaanka deegaanka iyo cuntada, gaar ahaan ogaanshaha cudurada cudurada microbial, noolaha hidde ahaan wax laga beddelay (GMOs) iyo cudurada cunnada ee cuntada. Imtixaanada ku-saleysan PCR-ku-saleysan waxay ku socdaan baaskiilleyda kuleylka ah awood u siiya aqoonsi deg deg ah iyo aqoon gaar ah oo wasaqeysan, hubinta amniga iyo tayada cuntada iyo saamballada deegaanka.

Marka la soo koobo,Qalabka kuleylka kuleylkaAaladaha lagama maarmaanka ah ee bayoolajiga molikalanta iyo cilmi-baarista hidda-wadaha, oo bixiya codsiyo fara badan oo kala duwan oo ka baxsan cod-bixinta caadiga ah ee pcr. Isticmaalayaashooda iyo saxnimadooda ayaa muhiim u ah tijaabooyinka u dhexeeya falanqaynta muujinta hiddaha ee kormeerka deegaanka. Sida tikniyoolajiyaddu sii socoto, baaskiillada kuleylka kuleylka ah waxay u badan tahay inay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan wadida helitaanka sayniska iyo hal-abuurka.