Wararka Caafimaadka Xoolaha: Horumarrada laga gaaray cilmi-baarista hargabka Avian

Wararka 01

Helitaanka ugu horreeya ee H4N6 nooc ka mid ah fayraska hargabka avian ee shimbiraha mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ee Israa'iil

Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnoushi, Roni King, Wayne M Getz, Pauline L Kamath, Rauri CK Bowie, Ran Nathan

PMID: 35687561; DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14610

Fayraska hargabka avian (AIV) wuxuu khatar weyn ku yahay caafimaadka xoolaha iyo dadka adduunka oo dhan. Sida shimbiraha duurjoogta ah ay u gudbiyaan AIV adduunka oo dhan, baarista faafitaanka AIV ee dadyowga duurjoogta ah ayaa muhiim u ah fahamka gudbinta cudur-sidaha iyo saadaalinta cudurrada dillaaca ee xayawaanka guriga iyo aadanaha. Daraasaddan, H4N6-hoosaadka AIV ayaa markii ugu horreysay ka go'doonsan saxarada shimbiraha cagaaran ee duurjoogta ah (Anas platyrhynchos) ee Israa'iil. Natiijooyinka phylogenetic ee hiddo-wadaha HA iyo NA waxay soo jeedinayaan in culeyskani uu si dhow ula xiriiro go'doominta Yurub iyo Aasiya. Maaddaama Israa’iil ay ku taallo marinka socdaalka ee Arctic-Afrika dhexe, waxa loo malaynayaa in culayska ay u badan tahay in ay keeneen shimbiraha guuray. Falanqaynta phylogenetic ee hiddo-wadaha gudaha ee go'doominta (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M iyo NS) ayaa shaaca ka qaaday heer aad u sarreeya oo la xidhiidha phylogenetic ee noocyada kale ee AIV, taas oo soo jeedinaysa in dhacdo dib-u-habayn hore ay ka dhacday go'doonkan. Noocan-hoosaadka H4N6 ee AIV wuxuu leeyahay heerar dib-u-habayn heersare ah, wuxuu qaadsiin karaa doofaarrada caafimaadka qaba wuxuuna xidhi karaa qaboojiyeyaasha bini'aadamka, wuxuuna keeni karaa cudurka zoonotic mustaqbalka.

Wararka 02

Dulmar guud ee hargabka avian-ka ee Midowga Yurub, Maarso-June 2022

Hay'adda Badbaadada Cunnada Yurub, Xarunta Yurub ee Kahortagga iyo Xakamaynta Cudurrada, Shaybaarka Tixraaca Midowga Yurub ee Hargabka Avian

PMID: 35949938;PMCID:PMC9356771;DOI:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415

2021-2022, hargabka avian-ka ee aadka u faafa (HPAI) wuxuu ahaa faafitaanka ugu halista badan Yurub, iyadoo 2,398 uu ka dillaacay 36 dal oo Yurub ah taasoo keentay in 46 milyan oo shimbiro ah la jaro. Inta u dhaxaysa 16-ka Maarso iyo 10ka Juunyo 2022, wadar ahaan 28 waddan oo EU/EEA ah iyo UK 1 182 nooc oo ah fayraska hargabka avian-ka ee aadka u faafa (HPAIV) ayaa laga soocay digaagga (750 xaaladood), duurjoogta (410 xaaladood) iyo shimbiraha maxaabiista ah (22) kiisaska). Muddada lagu jiro dib u eegista, 86% cudurrada dillaaca digaaga waxaa sabab u ah gudbinta HPAIV, iyada oo Faransiisku uu yahay 68% guud ahaan dillaaca digaaga, Hungary 24% iyo dalalka kale ee ay saameeyeen wax ka yar 2% midkiiba. Jarmalka ayaa lahaa tirada ugu badan ee faafitaanka shimbiraha duurjoogta ah (158 xaaladood), waxaa ku xiga Netherlands (98 xaaladood) iyo UK (48 xaaladood).

Natiijooyinka falanqaynta hidde-sidaha waxay soo jeedinayaan in HPAIV-ga hadda ku baahsan Yurub inta badan waxay ka tirsan yihiin spectrum 2.3.4 b. Tan iyo warbixintii u dambaysay, afar H5N6, laba H9N2 iyo laba H3N8 infekshannada bani'aadamka ayaa laga soo sheegay Shiinaha halka hal jeermisyada H5N1 laga soo sheegay Maraykanka. Khatarta caabuqa waxaa lagu qiimeeyay inay hoosayso dadweynaha guud iyo mid hoose ilaa dhexdhexaad ah oo loogu talagalay dadyowga ku jira EU/EEA.

 Wararka 03

Isbeddellada hadhaaga 127, 183 iyo 212 ee hidda-wadaha HA

Antigenicity, ku-noqoshada iyo cudur-sidaha fayraska hargabka avian H9N2

Menglu Fan,Bing Liang,Yongzhen Zhao,Yaping Zhang,Qingzheng Liu,Miao Tian,Yiqing Zheng,Huizh Xia,Yasuo Suzuki,Hualan Chen,Jihui Ping

PMID: 34724348; DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14363

Nooca H9N2 ee fayraska hargabka avian (AIV) waa mid ka mid ah noocyada ugu waaweyn ee saameeya caafimaadka warshadaha digaaga. Daraasaddan, laba nooc oo ah nooca H9N2 ee AIV oo leh asal hidde isku mid ah laakiin antigenicity kala duwan, oo lagu magacaabo A/chicken/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) iyo A/chicken/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76) go'doon ka ah beer digaaga. Falanqaynta taxanaha ahi waxay muujisay in JS/75 iyo JS/76 ay ku kala duwan yihiin saddex hadhaaga amino acid (127, 183 iyo 212) ee haemagglutinin (HA). Si loo sahamiyo faraqa u dhexeeya guryaha bayoolojiga ee u dhexeeya JS/75 iyo JS/76, lix fayras recombinant ah ayaa la soo saaray iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka hidde-sidaha ee A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) oo ah silsiladda ugu weyn. Xogta laga helay tijaabooyinka weerarka digaaga iyo tijaabooyinka HI waxay muujisay in r-76/PR8 ay muujisay baxsashada antigenic ee ugu caansan sababtoo ah isbeddellada amino acid ee boosaska 127 iyo 183 ee hidda-wadaha HA. Daraasado dheeraad ah ayaa xaqiijiyay in glycosylation ee goobta 127N ay ka dhacday JS / 76 iyo mutants. Qiimaynta xidhitaanka soo-dhowaynta waxay muujisay in dhammaan fayrasyada dib-u-habaynta, marka laga reebo 127N glycosylation-deficient mutant, ay si sahal ah ugu xidhan yihiin soo-qabayaasha bini'aadamka. Kinetics-ka koritaanka iyo tijaabooyinka weerarka jiirka ayaa muujiyay in fayraska 127N-glycosylated uu ku soo koobay wax ka yar unugyada A549 oo uu ka yar yahay cudur-sidaha jiirarka marka loo eego fayraska nooca duurjoogta ah. Sidaa darteed, glycosylation iyo amino acid beddelka hidda-wadaha HA ayaa mas'uul ka ah kala duwanaanshaha antigenicity iyo cudur-sidaha ee noocyada 2 H9N2.

Xigasho: Xarunta Caafimaadka Xoolaha ee Shiinaha iyo Cudurada faafa